IELTS Writing Target 9 Band Essays [ IELTS THƯ ĐẶNG] part 3

Sample answer:

The given flowchart highlights the various stages involved when an office supply company deals with an incoming phone call.

Overall, it is clear that a caller has to pass through certain extensions in order to get his problem solved. It is also noticeable that two main queries are resolved by the executives which are information about any new product or order placing and support regarding the existing or previous order.

Initially, a phone is answered and the callers are offered assistance by asking what help they need. This may lead directly to the request to place an order or for product information. The customer’s name and company name are then taken before they are transferred to the sales section on extension 2203. The appropriate help is then given here.

Alternatively, the caller may want help with an existing or previous order. The resolution is provided by the billing and shipping department, in case the query is related to them. If, however, the problem is with the product, then company details are taken and the call is transferred to extension 2217 where the customer is assisted at the help desk.

Sample answer:

The diagram shows the process of steel rods production for the furniture industry.

Overall, it is clear that the production process of steel rods is quite complex which requires range of apparatus. Temperature is also varied on certain stages.

First of all, iron ore, yellow ore and carbon are collected to serve as a raw material for steel rods manufacturing. After that, the raw material is melted in a melting slit, where it is heated to a temperature in range of 1300-1500 °C. The melted mass is then transferred to a smelting cabin to undergo refinement. Next, the candescent metal is put in a pouring machine and poured into ingots.

In the next stage, the ingots are connected to a cooling reservoir, where the temperature falls to 60-100 °C. Metal goes through special nozzles and cools down, forming strands. Following this, the metal strands proceed to rollers that change their shape. Next, the products are put into a heating machine, where they undergo heat treatment. Subsequently, a measuring completes a surface check of the products. After that, the metal rods are sized by special cutters and get ID stamping. Finally, the products undergo inspection and are ready for use.

Sample answer:

The diagram shows the 15 stages involved in the process of making tomato ketchup.

Overall, it is clear that it is quite a lengthy process to produce bottles of tomato ketchup.

Meanwhile, it requires a range of apparatus and also involves certain sub processes.

In the first stage, tomatoes are picked and put in baskets. Then tomatoes are sorted according to their quality. After this, they are sent to the factory where stalk, seeds and skin are removed from tomatoes. Having been stored into the container, the processed tomatoes are crushed. In the next step, sugar, vinegar and salt are added, and this mixture is boiled in order to get a right temperature.

After being left for two hours, the mixture is poured into the ketchup bottles and labeled as polished products. In the subsequent stages, only selected bottles are packed and delivered to supermarkets. Finally, the customers enjoy tomato ketchup with hamburger and fries.

Sample answer:

The diagram illustrates the process by which apple is preserved in cans.

Overall, it is clear that canning process of apples seems to be quite lengthy. Also, there are certain sub processes involved from beginning to the dispatching of final product.

In the first stage, apples are picked from plants by hand. They are then transported to the cannery with the help of large trucks. At the cannery the apples are washed and quality checked, and any poor quality apple is rejected. The good quality apples are kept at cold storage. Following this, they become ready for canning and are weighted and graded. The grading ensures that the apples of a similar size are kept together.

After this, the apples are peeled and the cores are removed. They are then sliced into the required sizes and put into cans. Some kind of liquid or syrup is also added to the cans. Once the cans have been filled they are sealed and cooked over heat to ensure that the cans are sterilized. After cooling, a label is attached to them and they are placed into storage. The canned apples are now ready to be dispatched to supermarkets for sale.

Sample answer:

The diagram illustrates the linear process of producing fresh and concentrated orange juice for the purpose of selling in supermarkets.

Overall, it is clear that the production process of fresh juice seems to be shorter as compared to the lengthy procedure of making concentrated juice. Also, the raw material remains common for making both kinds of juices.

The process commences with fresh oranges being delivered to a factory, where the raw product is washed and juice is extracted with excess solid waste being used as animal feed. At this point in the process the fresh juice is either delivered in refrigerated trucks for evaporation or packaged and transported to supermarkets for selling to customers.

After this, evaporation is carried out at a separate facility, removing water and resulting in the production of concentrated orange juice, which is subsequently canned and stored in a warehouse. As required, the orange concentrate is then processed in a third and final plant, where it is mixed with water in order to produce reconstituted orange juice, which is then packaged and ultimately delivered to supermarkets.

Sample answer:

The diagram illustrates the process by which geothermal energy is used in the production of electricity.

Overall, it is clear that electrical output is directly proportional to the geothermal energy .It is also noticeable that water is circulated through the hot rocks beneath the surface of earth for the production of steam which is further responsible for the production of electricity.

In the first stage, cold water is pumped down 4.5 km underground through the injection well. Next, the water is injected into the geothermal zone, where hot rocks heat the water up as it passes through the Earth. Once the water has been heated up, it enters the production well and is then pumped up to the ground and into the condenser.

The last two stages are carried out above ground at the power plant. First of all, steam is produced from the hot water in the condenser. In the following step, the steam passes into the turbine and makes it spin. Finally, the generator, which is powered by the turbine, produces electricity where it is then transferred into the electric grid via power lines.

Sample answer:

The picture shows a new dredging boat that will be used to dig up the mud from canals in Venice.

Overall, it can be clearly seen that a dredger will be used in order to extract the slurry from its beneath. Also, the dredging boat will provide Venice with an effective means of keeping its canals clean, without having to drain them.

The canal dredger would have four major functional units and one connecting unit. The entire system of canal dredger will be supported and deployed on a noiseless boat. The boat will have two hydraulic arms, which are planned to connect with a centrifugal pump and rotor blades. There will be a long tube connecting the pump to a large container called a ‘shuttle boat’.

Operating the dredging boat is going to be a simple procedure. First of all, the hydraulic arms will be lowered until the rotating blades reach the mud below. Then, the blades would turn the mud into slurry. This will then be sucked up by the pump. It will pass through the long tube and into the shuttle boat. Finally, the shuttle boat is planned to be towed out of Venice and the mud and slurry will be dumped.

Sample answer:

The diagrams illustrate two types of stone cutting tools from three viewpoints which are crafted by early man 1.4 million years ago and 80,000 years ago.

Overall, the shape of the stones was similar in both periods but the tools from the later period were sharper, slimmer and made with more precision. Moreover, it shows the development of early man’s skills over the years.

The stone cutting tools 1.4 million years ago were an irregular leaf shape with a base which measured 5 cm and narrowed at the tip. The tip, although pointed was not sharp but blunt due to the lack of precision in making the tools. The side view shows that the tool was wider in the middle, with a diameter of around 3 cm. The back of the stone had fewer cuts than the front and they were also not very fine.

80,000 years ago, man had developed better skills and had perfected the cutting tool. In the front and the back view it can be seen that the maximum diameter of the tool was the same as in the older tool. The sides of the tool were smoother and the tip of the tool was sharp, making it a more effective cutting tool.

Sample answer:

The given diagrams show a comparison between 2 designs of houses in terms of different climatic conditions

Overall, it can be clearly seen there are substantial differences in the planning of both the houses. The main differences between both designs are related mainly to the roofs, windows and insulation.

The house roof in cool climate is high angled, however, in cold weather, the house roof is made of reflective material. In addition, the entire wall of the house in cold climate is constructed from thermal building material surrounded by insulation, that keep house warm .On the other hand the insulation in warm weather is external insulation restricted to the roof of the house and extended in both direction to make roof overhangs for shade.

The other difference is the design of the windows, as there is only one window located in the higher side wall of the house in cool areas. The window face the direction of the sun to allow invasion of sun light into the house. However, the design for house in warm place has 2 windows in both sides which are closed and covered in day time and opened at night to allow ventilation and remove the stored heat.

Sample answer:

The maps illustrate what happened in the coastal vacation place of Templeton during the fifteen-year period, from 1990 to 2005.

Overall , it can be seen that, this place had developed and become more industrial over the given period. Various public transports were introduced with the extension of railways and road.

According to the maps, in 1990 seaside resort of Templeton was quite, natural, undeveloped place with many trees, housing estates and public facilities such as school, hospital and railway station, while by 2005 it had experienced significant changes. First of all, the trees were cut down and the new airport was constructed on the right side of the river, which run from the south of the city to the north and divides it into two parts. Moreover, the trees and houses located in the south-east part of the area were also pulled down to make way for a factory.

Another striking change was expansion of residential area on the left side of the river, around the lake. The same developments took place in the south-west of the map, where new apartment blocks had been built. An interesting development had been the introduction of big supermarket which is to the north of the apartments. Another notable modification was extension of railway along the coastline. Furthermore, in 2005 the sea had been used for transportation of cars as well. Finally, the new housing area had been settled between the two roads running from west to east of the seaside resort of Templeton.

Sample answer:

The map below illustrates three main possible sites for the new hypermarket in the city of Pellington.

Overall, it is clear that all the three sites are proposed to build within the city as well as in the suburbs of the Pellington. It is also noticeable that site A and C would be more accessible comparing to site B which looks far away from the town.

To begin with, focusing at site A, which is planned to construct within the city in the vicinity of no traffic zone. This location would be in the residential area and near to the industrial region in the west direction of the city Pellington. A railway line also passes close to it which separates the smaller industrial area from the residential region. Also Hamford town with having population 30,000 is located in the north-west direction of this proposed site.

Moving to the site B, it is planned to construct in the north-east direction which is quite far from the main city and is separated by a motorway. The last proposed location for new hypermarket is site C which may be built in the south direction and very close to the railway line and bigger industrial area. Interestingly, airport can also be seen at around same distance between both the planned sites A and C.

Sample answer:

The maps illustrate the modifications that took place in the Liverpool John Moore’s university between 2010 and present.

Overall , it can be seen that, since 2010, all of the buildings of the university campus have changed. There are quite a few improvements to both the buildings and access.

According to the maps, over the period of 2010 to present, the area has gradually changed and many buildings have been modified. The library in the north-west of the campus has been renovated to include IT facilities. There were three separate blocks of science named physics, chemistry and biology in the north east direction of John Moore’s university in 2010 which have been demolished and replaced with one large science block.

Another striking change was that the cark park on the eastern side has been removed to make way for a brand new lecture theatre at its place. The road with the help of which all the buildings were connected has been converted in a footpath. The admin block on the south-east side has been made smaller, to allow better footpath access. Finally, the large car park in the south-west direction of the campus has been transformed into a bus station.

Sample answer:

The diagram shows the stages through which a monarch butterfly undergoes during its entire life span.

Overall, it is clear that the complete life cycle lasts between 24 and 32 days. It is also noticeable that there are five main stages in the development of the monarch butterfly, from egg to mature adult insect.

The adult butterfly lays its eggs on a leaf, quite close together. After about four days the eggs hatch into caterpillars. This is known as the larval stage. Over the next two weeks the caterpillars eat in order to grow so that they can enter the next stage of the cycle. This is called the pupation stage. It is when metamorphosis occurs. The caterpillar finds a branch and attaches itself via a silk pad. It then forms a chrysalis around its body and inside this chrysalis it changes into a butterfly. This takes between ten to fourteen days.

Finally, the butterfly emerges from the chrysalis, but its wings are too small and shrivelled to fly so it has to wait while fluid is pumped into the wings through the veins so as to enlarge and harden the wings for flight. This can take more than two hours. Once the butterfly is capable of flight it can reproduce, and the cycle will start again.

Sample answer:

The diagram illustrates the different stages in the life of a frog.

Overall, it is clear that tadpoles, which emerge from eggs in the water pass through many phases before going on to land and maturing into adult frog. It is also noticeable that the frog witnesses certain physical changes in terms of color and shape over the course of its life.

In the first stage, eggs are laid by an adult female frog in large numbers. After this, they hatch and embryo emerges out of them and turns into tadpoles clinging to the water plants. A tadpole uses its external gills to breath and in the meantime its tail keeps growing. During the next stage hindlegs starts to appear within few days.

In the following stage, the tadpole uses food stored in its tail for survival. Few days later the front legs start to appear and the length of the tail reduces. In the next stage tadpole turns into a young frog. Finally, after some time it grows and becomes a fully grown mature frog which is capable enough to lay eggs. Then, cycle starts again.

Sample answer:

The diagram shows the how different kinds of rocks form in nature.

Overall, it is clear that the rock cycle constitutes a series of slow changes which are unpredictable, invisible and constant. It is also noticeable that formation of three main types of rocks is involved in the rock cycle which are igneous rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock.

The rock cycle starts when magma crystallizes to form igneous rocks. The process of uplifting continues inside the igneous rocks due to upward and downward forces. After this, on earth’s surface, wind and water breaks these rocks into pieces and also carries them to another place by weathering and erosion. Usually, the rock pieces called sediments deposit to form a layer. This layer buries under other layers of sediments and after long time this compaction of various layers then leads to the formation of sedimentary rock.

After the conversion of igneous rocks into sedimentary rocks, next phase starts where this rock changes its shape due to the heat and pressure produced inside the surface of earth. Due to deformation of the rock, the composition of the rock alters and it is termed as metamorphism which in turn gives rise to the formation of final type of rock known as metamorphic. In the final stage, again due to the heat produced from the movement of tectonic plates inside  the earth, metamorphic rock gets converted into lava and the cycle repeats itself.

Sample answer:

The diagram shows how nitrogen moves through different stages in the nature.

Overall , it is clear that nitrogen cycle is the re-circulation and re-use of nitrogen in various forms to meet the demand for various environmental and biological activities. Also, the micro-organisms such as bacteria plays an important part in the completion of nitrogen cycle.

The nitrogen cycle starts with the nitrogen present in the air. Nitrogen moves in a cycle through the air, plants and animals and the soil, and back into air. The action of lighting and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria carries the nitrogen into the soil. At the same time some nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nodules of leguminous plants take the nitrogen directly from the air.

The nitrogen in the soil is taken up by non-leguminous green plants, while leguminous plants derive nitrogen directly from the bacteria in the nodules. Both types of plants are consumed by animals. Then, when the animals and plants die, or the animals excrete their food, the nitrogen returns back to the soil, where it is acted on by denitrifying bacteria. These cause the nitrogen to be returned to the air, and the cycle continues.