Từ vựng IELTS Topic- Chủ đề Crime và Punishment Band 7.0+

Thursday, 20/09/201823:32

Chủ đề Crime- Punishment là một chủ đề khó trong bài thi IELTS Speaking và có vẻ là khó đạt điểm cao khi các bạn thí sinh “ gặp” phải chủ đề này.

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Trên kênh Luyện thi IELTS- Trung tâm luyện thi IELTS Thư Đặng chia sẻ tới các bạn một list các từ vựng IELTS về chủ để Crime and punishment và các IELTS Speaking topic crime and punishment questions để các bạn tiện học và cải thiện vốn từ vựng đối với chủ đề khó như thế này nhé.

Từ vựng IELTS Chủ đề Crime and punishment

The crime rate: tỉ lệ tội phạm

The reduction of the crime rate is the main goal for lawmakers = Việc giảm tỉ lệ tội phạm là mục tiêu chính của các nhà lập pháp.

To commit a crime = to commit an offence = to break the law = thực hiện hành vi phạm tội .

Vd: In the US, a young person who commits a crime by stealing a car will almost certainly go to prison = Ở mỹ, một người trẻ phạm tội bằng cách ăn cắp một chiếc xe hơi gần như chắc chắn vào tù.

Be accused of : buộc tội
Be convicted/ sentenced: bị kết án
Reoffend ( v) tái phạm
Criminals= offenders= lawbreakers = kẻ phạm tội
Serious crimes such as a robbery or murder: các tội nặng như cướp hoặc giết người.
Receive prison sentences= nhận án tù
Life imprisonment = tù chung thân
Prison sentence = án tù
Deterrent = răn đe
Loss of freedom = be not free = mất tự do
White-collar crime = crimes commited by “ office works” , for example , fraud
Be put on probation = bị quản chế
Social isolation = cách ly xã hội
A violent criminal= một tội phạm bạo lực
Motive for crime = động cơ phạm tội
Turn to a career of crime = biến thành nghề tội phạm
To breed future offenders = influence people, especially young people, in such a way that they later commit a crime
To resort to crime= to use crime because there is no other solution
Crime prevention programmes = những chương trình phòng chống tội phạm.
Innocent people = những người vô tội
Soaring crime rates = tỉ lệ tội phạm tăng lên rất nhanh
Miscarriages of justice = situation where innocent people are found guilty.
Capital punishments/ death penalty = án tử hình
To sentence criminals to death = kết án tử hình
A form of revenge = một hình thức trả thù
A criminal record = hồ sơ phạm tội
To engage in unlawful activities = tham gia vào các hoạt động bất hợp pháp
To re-offend
Criminals = wrongdoers=lawbreakers= convicts= offenders = người phạm tội
Rehabilitated prisoners : cải tạo tù nhân
Community service
Prison sentences = án tù
Unlawful actions = hành động bất hợp pháp
To deter/ discourage people from doing something
Immates = tù nhân
To send somebody to prison= tống ai vào tù.

Major Crimes

The list of crimes below are all nouns.

abduction = taking someone against their will (kidnapping)
arson = setting fire to a property
assault = a physical attack
burglary = illegal entry to a building with an intent to commit a crime
child abuse = maltreatment of a child
drug trafficking = importing illegal drugs
false imprisonment = imprisoning a person against their will
fraud = deception for personal or financial gain
hacking = unauthorised access to data in a computer system
hijacking = illegally getting control of an aircraft or vehicle
human trafficking =
murder (homicide USA)
- premeditated murder = murder that is intentional (planned before hand)
- unpremeditated murder – murder that is not intentional (not planned)
- manslaughter – unintentional murder (synonym for unpremeditated murder)
- attempted murder = planning to kill another person
- patricide = killing one’s own father
- genocide = systematic killing of a race or religious group
- euthanasia = killing someone for their benefit
organised crime = crime by an organised gang or organisation
smuggling = illegal import or export
terrorism = unlawful violence or threat with political aims
white collar crime = financially motivated non-violent crime by a worker

Minor Crimes / Offences

pick pocketing = taking from another person’s pockets
shoplifting = taking products from a shop without paying for them
traffic offences =breaking the rules of the road and driving
- drunk driving = drinking whilst under the influence of alcohol
- jay walking = crossing the road at an designated spot
- running a red light = going through traffic lights when they are red
- speeding = driving over the speed limit
vandalism = deliberate destruction or damage to a building

Vocabulary to categoriese Criminals

This list shows the person relating to the crime (the perpetrator of the crime).

crime = criminal
murder = murderer
theft = thief
trafficking = trafficker
hijacking = hijacker
terrorism = terrorist
smuggling = smuggler
shoplifting = shoplifter
vandalism = vandal
teenage criminal/ juvenile delinquent

Types of Punishment Vocabulary

the death penalty (capital punishment) = punishment of death
a prison sentence (imprisonment) = imprisonment
- life in prison
- 10 years
- 6 months
a suspended sentence = delaying of a sentence
forfeiture = property is taken away (confiscated)
hospital order = to confine someone to hospital under arrest
a fine = to pay money as a punishment for an offence
house arrest = imprisoned in one’s own house rather than in prison
to suspend a license = with holding a person’s right to use their driving license for a period of time
to revoke a license = to take away someone’s driving license
non-custodial sentence = a sentence which is not done in prison
- community service = punishment by doing community work

Other Types of Punishment

This refers to punishment commonly used by schools and parents.

detention = to stay in school after hours for punishment
to give lines = punishment where a child must write the same sentence again and again
isolation = to be kept apart from others as a punishment
grounding = to be unable to go outside home as a punishment
scolding = an angry reprimand
corporal punishment = physical punishment from a teacher or headteacher at school

Court Language

judge = the person who controls the court proceedings
jury = a group of independent people who decide whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty
justice = fairness or court law
trial = legal proceedings to judge whether someone is guilty of a crime
court = the place where the trial is held
defendant = the accused person: the individual or group being accused in court of a crime
prosecutor = the lawyer against the accused person
defense = the lawyer protecting the accused person
witness = a person who sees an event happen
evidence = facts or information supporting the truth
proof = evidence supporting a claim
hearsay = rumour / unsubstantiated information
guilty = not innocent as judged by a court of law
innocent = found not guilty of a crime
to be found guilty = the court decided that the person did commit the crime
conviction / verdict = formal sentence of a court
circumstances of the crime = a condition or situation relating to a crime
extenuating circumstances = a condition that makes the crime or mistake less serious and more understandable
take into consideration = should be thought about carefully
circumstantial evidence = something that connects a person indirectly to the crime (for example, a finger print at a crime scene but no actual hard evidence or witness)
maximum / minimum sentence = highest penalty / lowest penalty
a harsh punishment = hard, strict penalty
penalty / punishment are synonyms but penalty is often used for both minor offences and major crimes.

Other Useful Crime & Punishment Vocabulary

crime is prevalent = there is a lot of crime
armed police = police who carry guns
to deter (n = deterrent) = to put someone off from doing something
discrimination = unjust treatment
to be soft on crime = not to have harsh or strict punishments
repeat offender = a person who has committed a crime or offence more than once
serial criminals = criminals who repeatedly commit the same crime
diminished responsibility = when someone is not in a state to be considered responsible for their own actions
rehabilitation = to restore someone through education or therapy
reintegrate back into society = help someone return into society
peer pressure = pressure from friends or colleagues
role models = people whose behaviour should be copied and respected
mimicking violent behaviour = to copy aggressive actions

Now have a Practice with Crime Vocabulary

Complete the sentences using one or more words either from the above lists or from other vocabulary relating to this topic. The sentence must be grammatically correct once you have added the right word(s).

The ………………. is the strongest deterrent against crime.
The number of ……………….. is on the rise due to the impact of peer pressure at school and violent movies shown on TV. Teenagers are prone to ……………. aggressive behaviour.
All people accused of a crime should be given a fair ……………. in a ………… of law.
People who are convicted a murder from only ………………………. evidence should not receive the death penalty.
The motives of a crime should always be taking into consideration. For example. there is a significant difference in the character of a person who commits ……………… murder and one who commits accidental murder.
A ………….. sentence is more humane than capital punishment.
Punishment should be the last resort. Instead criminals should be …………………….
People who commit ……….. crimes, such as traffic offences, should have their ……………….. revoked.
Famous people, such as movie stars, should set a good ………… and ensure that they are good …………….. for young people to follow.
…………… and the right to a fair ……………. should be the right of all citizens.
Parents who inflict ……………… punishment on their children are showing children that …………….. is an acceptable way to deal with problems.
Prison does not rehabilitate criminals, it only …………. them from society. …………….. service and rehabilitation is a better way to avoid criminals becoming ………………….

Answers

death penalty (the answer can’t be “capital punishment” because it doesn’t use the article “the”)
juvenile delinquents / mimic
trial / court
circumstantial
premeditated
life
rehabilitated
minor / licenses
example / role models
Justice / trial
corporal / violence
removes / Community / repeat offenders

IELTS SPEAKING TOPIC CRIME

What problems affect your hometown?
Is the crime rate high in your country? hometown?
What types of crimes are common nowadays?
Do the police do a good job of maintaining law and order? Can they enforce the law?
What’s the best way to lower the crime rate? Zero tolerance?
What is crime prevention?
How do the police catch villains?
What is a corrupt cop? a dirty cop?
Do citizens here obey traffic laws? Have you ever been stopped by a cop? gotten a ticket?
Have you ever been a victim of crime?
What’s a felony? How does id differ from a misdemeanor?